1 00:00:05,809 --> 00:00:02,629 the International Space Station's 2 00:00:08,570 --> 00:00:05,819 expedition 24 crew includes an Air Force 3 00:00:10,820 --> 00:00:08,580 pilot who's studying the law an engineer 4 00:00:11,480 --> 00:00:10,830 a research chemist who used to be an 5 00:00:15,049 --> 00:00:11,490 electrician 6 00:00:17,300 --> 00:00:15,059 an army aviator a physicist and a 7 00:00:20,120 --> 00:00:17,310 paratrooper turned police officer turned 8 00:00:23,000 --> 00:00:20,130 spacecraft engineer Russian Air Force 9 00:00:25,070 --> 00:00:23,010 colonel Alexander Skvortsov was born in 10 00:00:26,929 --> 00:00:25,080 Chell Kevon near Moscow because his 11 00:00:31,370 --> 00:00:26,939 father's job had brought the family to 12 00:00:34,910 --> 00:00:31,380 Star City a town with no hospital my 13 00:00:37,910 --> 00:00:34,920 father was a member of the cosmonaut 14 00:00:40,970 --> 00:00:37,920 Corps not for too long because he had 15 00:00:46,490 --> 00:00:40,980 health issues but still I heard many 16 00:00:48,490 --> 00:00:46,500 good things about it and the the idea of 17 00:00:52,639 --> 00:00:48,500 space has always been very strong and 18 00:00:55,340 --> 00:00:52,649 strongly present in our families sports 19 00:00:57,500 --> 00:00:55,350 ops ambition to fly was nurtured growing 20 00:01:00,049 --> 00:00:57,510 up in a military family that moved from 21 00:01:02,990 --> 00:01:00,059 city to city and led to what he calls a 22 00:01:05,149 --> 00:01:03,000 pretty standard educational path after 23 00:01:07,250 --> 00:01:05,159 high school in more shots he completed 24 00:01:09,649 --> 00:01:07,260 study at the Stavropol Air Force pilot 25 00:01:12,380 --> 00:01:09,659 and navigator school spent seven years 26 00:01:14,420 --> 00:01:12,390 in the National Air Defense Force then 27 00:01:17,240 --> 00:01:14,430 studied at the military red banner air 28 00:01:20,120 --> 00:01:17,250 defense academy scored self graduated 29 00:01:21,859 --> 00:01:20,130 the Academy in 1997 the same year he was 30 00:01:24,140 --> 00:01:21,869 selected for the cosmonaut Corps and 31 00:01:32,780 --> 00:01:24,150 started training to fulfill his boyhood 32 00:01:35,390 --> 00:01:32,790 ambition that makes him strive for 33 00:01:37,429 --> 00:01:35,400 discoveries or research to go higher to 34 00:01:48,289 --> 00:01:37,439 go deeper there is something that allows 35 00:01:50,139 --> 00:01:48,299 us to do in the years he's been 36 00:01:52,730 --> 00:01:50,149 preparing for this first spaceflight 37 00:01:54,889 --> 00:01:52,740 squirt saw has also been studying at the 38 00:01:57,969 --> 00:01:54,899 russian academy of civil service to 39 00:02:05,209 --> 00:02:03,170 my college Finals coincide with the fact 40 00:02:07,130 --> 00:02:05,219 that I will have to find space so I'll 41 00:02:10,290 --> 00:02:07,140 have to take a short to break and I 42 00:02:13,050 --> 00:02:10,300 guess graduate the after that 43 00:02:15,660 --> 00:02:13,060 Tracy Caldwell Dyson was born in Arcadia 44 00:02:18,720 --> 00:02:15,670 California and thinks of all of Southern 45 00:02:21,060 --> 00:02:18,730 California as her hometown she remembers 46 00:02:23,010 --> 00:02:21,070 dreaming about space as a young girl but 47 00:02:25,110 --> 00:02:23,020 she first thought of it as a career when 48 00:02:27,630 --> 00:02:25,120 she was a high school student who saw a 49 00:02:29,700 --> 00:02:27,640 teacher Christa McAuliffe prepare for 50 00:02:31,590 --> 00:02:29,710 her spaceflight you start to realize 51 00:02:34,440 --> 00:02:31,600 that I've got something in common with 52 00:02:36,780 --> 00:02:34,450 this person and a teacher has the right 53 00:02:38,190 --> 00:02:36,790 stuff and the teachers teaching me all 54 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:38,200 day long I spend more time with my 55 00:02:44,910 --> 00:02:41,410 teachers that I do my parents then it 56 00:02:47,190 --> 00:02:44,920 became very interesting to me nearing 57 00:02:49,740 --> 00:02:47,200 graduation and unsure of what she wanted 58 00:02:52,110 --> 00:02:49,750 to be dyson took her parents advice and 59 00:02:55,080 --> 00:02:52,120 made a list of things she liked being 60 00:02:57,450 --> 00:02:55,090 athletic studying science working with 61 00:02:59,670 --> 00:02:57,460 tools learning languages and cultures 62 00:03:01,530 --> 00:02:59,680 when I looked at that list and then I 63 00:03:03,870 --> 00:03:01,540 looked at what astronauts were we're 64 00:03:06,720 --> 00:03:03,880 doing this seems like a pretty good 65 00:03:09,480 --> 00:03:06,730 match and that was the diving board that 66 00:03:12,750 --> 00:03:09,490 I sprang from into college and graduate 67 00:03:14,070 --> 00:03:12,760 school and the path that I took dyson 68 00:03:15,900 --> 00:03:14,080 earned her bachelor's degree in 69 00:03:18,449 --> 00:03:15,910 chemistry at California State University 70 00:03:20,610 --> 00:03:18,459 at Fullerton where she was a sprinter 71 00:03:22,230 --> 00:03:20,620 and long jumper on the track team while 72 00:03:24,449 --> 00:03:22,240 working as an electrician for her 73 00:03:26,370 --> 00:03:24,459 father's contracting company she 74 00:03:28,020 --> 00:03:26,380 completed her doctorate in chemistry at 75 00:03:30,750 --> 00:03:28,030 the University of California at Davis 76 00:03:32,730 --> 00:03:30,760 and won a postdoctoral fellowship in 77 00:03:36,030 --> 00:03:32,740 environmental science before being 78 00:03:37,710 --> 00:03:36,040 selected as an astronaut in 1998 she 79 00:03:39,480 --> 00:03:37,720 made her first spaceflight on the 80 00:03:41,100 --> 00:03:39,490 shuttle mission that delivered the s5 81 00:03:43,410 --> 00:03:41,110 trust to the International Space Station 82 00:03:45,270 --> 00:03:43,420 and thinks the planet would be in better 83 00:03:47,850 --> 00:03:45,280 shape if more people could make that 84 00:03:51,480 --> 00:03:47,860 trip you know you take the firmest 85 00:03:53,490 --> 00:03:51,490 believer in not having humans in space 86 00:03:55,530 --> 00:03:53,500 and you launch them and you take them 87 00:03:57,740 --> 00:03:55,540 take them right in front of a window and 88 00:04:01,100 --> 00:03:57,750 have them look at that beautiful plump 89 00:04:06,360 --> 00:04:01,110 pink and blue planet as it turns from 90 00:04:08,060 --> 00:04:06,370 sunrise to sunset and they'll change 91 00:04:10,830 --> 00:04:08,070 their mind 92 00:04:13,170 --> 00:04:10,840 mikail Kornienko was born in the city of 93 00:04:15,510 --> 00:04:13,180 citron on the Volga River in western 94 00:04:19,080 --> 00:04:15,520 Samara just a year before Yuri Gagarin 95 00:04:22,540 --> 00:04:19,090 space flight changed the world and then 96 00:04:25,659 --> 00:04:22,550 the space exploration was only starting 97 00:04:28,839 --> 00:04:25,669 and every young boy was dreaming of 98 00:04:32,879 --> 00:04:28,849 being a cosmonaut I was not an exception 99 00:04:36,850 --> 00:04:32,889 especially because my father was a 100 00:04:39,159 --> 00:04:36,860 rescue helicopter pilot his father's 101 00:04:41,230 --> 00:04:39,169 military job took the family to use know 102 00:04:43,089 --> 00:04:41,240 you're all scanned when Kornienko was 103 00:04:45,969 --> 00:04:43,099 six his father died in a helicopter 104 00:04:47,589 --> 00:04:45,979 crash during a rescue the young boy 105 00:04:49,719 --> 00:04:47,599 lived with his grandmother for a few 106 00:04:51,189 --> 00:04:49,729 years and then joined his mother and 107 00:04:53,290 --> 00:04:51,199 brother in China Binh ski when he 108 00:04:55,300 --> 00:04:53,300 started the seventh grade one year 109 00:04:59,140 --> 00:04:55,310 before he was old enough to enroll at 110 00:05:11,010 --> 00:04:59,150 the young cosmonauts school there I 111 00:05:11,020 --> 00:05:21,059 young and we were studying navigation 112 00:05:26,409 --> 00:05:24,219 parachute jumping after high school 113 00:05:28,959 --> 00:05:26,419 Kornienko worked in a radio equipment 114 00:05:31,779 --> 00:05:28,969 plant before joining the Soviet Army and 115 00:05:34,209 --> 00:05:31,789 serving as a paratrooper then he joined 116 00:05:35,499 --> 00:05:34,219 the Moscow militia or police force while 117 00:05:38,260 --> 00:05:35,509 studying at the Moscow Aviation 118 00:05:40,300 --> 00:05:38,270 Institute he worked as a mechanical 119 00:05:42,249 --> 00:05:40,310 engineering designer before getting on 120 00:05:44,950 --> 00:05:42,259 at the Baikonur cosmodrome as a launch 121 00:05:47,050 --> 00:05:44,960 equipment specialist where for a time he 122 00:05:50,050 --> 00:05:47,060 led the team responsible for servicing 123 00:05:52,209 --> 00:05:50,060 the Braun's spacecraft Kornienko joined 124 00:05:55,390 --> 00:05:52,219 the rocket space corporation Energia as 125 00:05:58,059 --> 00:05:55,400 an engineer in 1995 he was selected for 126 00:06:00,219 --> 00:05:58,069 the cosmonaut Corps in 1998 and has 127 00:06:05,469 --> 00:06:00,229 worked as an Eevee a specialist while 128 00:06:07,480 --> 00:06:05,479 preparing for his first spaceflight and 129 00:06:21,370 --> 00:06:07,490 of course we are going to colonize 130 00:06:24,790 --> 00:06:21,380 planets that are close to us and a 131 00:06:27,309 --> 00:06:24,800 specialist is that we do have to 132 00:06:30,399 --> 00:06:27,319 continue the space exploration and it 133 00:06:33,670 --> 00:06:30,409 has to be human we have to see the space 134 00:06:35,629 --> 00:06:33,680 with human eyes Colonel Doug Wheelock 135 00:06:38,119 --> 00:06:35,639 the United States Army 136 00:06:40,700 --> 00:06:38,129 was born in Binghamton New York exactly 137 00:06:43,249 --> 00:06:40,710 one year before Alan Shepards mercury 138 00:06:46,700 --> 00:06:43,259 flight and grew up in the nearby town of 139 00:06:51,110 --> 00:06:46,710 Windsor I was nine years old when we 140 00:06:55,339 --> 00:06:51,120 first landed Apollo 11 on the moon and I 141 00:06:59,330 --> 00:06:55,349 thought wow that that is really awesome 142 00:07:02,179 --> 00:06:59,340 and but I never thought that that was 143 00:07:04,489 --> 00:07:02,189 that dream was like way too big for me 144 00:07:07,790 --> 00:07:04,499 because I I was just like an ordinary 145 00:07:10,519 --> 00:07:07,800 kid in a tiny little town growing up in 146 00:07:11,990 --> 00:07:10,529 that tiny town population less than a 147 00:07:14,330 --> 00:07:12,000 thousand even today 148 00:07:17,360 --> 00:07:14,340 Wheelock developed an appreciation for 149 00:07:20,119 --> 00:07:17,370 hard work for service to others and a 150 00:07:22,129 --> 00:07:20,129 love of flying all of which led him to 151 00:07:24,290 --> 00:07:22,139 the United States Military Academy at 152 00:07:25,999 --> 00:07:24,300 West Point where earned a Bachelor of 153 00:07:26,719 --> 00:07:26,009 Science in applied science and 154 00:07:30,709 --> 00:07:26,729 engineering 155 00:07:32,869 --> 00:07:30,719 I knew that West Point was was the top 156 00:07:36,019 --> 00:07:32,879 the top of the list of leadership 157 00:07:39,559 --> 00:07:36,029 schools and I really wanted to I really 158 00:07:42,469 --> 00:07:39,569 wanted to to experience what it's like 159 00:07:46,279 --> 00:07:42,479 to be trained as a leader it gave me the 160 00:07:49,040 --> 00:07:46,289 opportunity to come out and really start 161 00:07:50,929 --> 00:07:49,050 right into aviation once he was 162 00:07:53,809 --> 00:07:50,939 commissioned and spent a year in the 163 00:07:55,129 --> 00:07:53,819 infantry after graduating at the top of 164 00:07:57,740 --> 00:07:55,139 his flight school class 165 00:08:00,260 --> 00:07:57,750 Wheelock had postings as an army aviator 166 00:08:01,850 --> 00:08:00,270 in the Pacific and an assignment as an 167 00:08:04,100 --> 00:08:01,860 advanced weapons research and 168 00:08:05,570 --> 00:08:04,110 development engineer before earning a 169 00:08:08,149 --> 00:08:05,580 Master of Science in aerospace 170 00:08:10,189 --> 00:08:08,159 engineering from Georgia Tech and then 171 00:08:12,559 --> 00:08:10,199 moving on to the Navy test pilot school 172 00:08:16,779 --> 00:08:12,569 when I was able to go through test pilot 173 00:08:19,399 --> 00:08:16,789 training and and get exposed to and meet 174 00:08:21,769 --> 00:08:19,409 different test pilots from various 175 00:08:23,719 --> 00:08:21,779 services and I got to meet some of the 176 00:08:26,600 --> 00:08:23,729 astronauts that had formerly been test 177 00:08:28,279 --> 00:08:26,610 pilots and and I thought you know that's 178 00:08:30,589 --> 00:08:28,289 something that I could do as well you 179 00:08:33,380 --> 00:08:30,599 know I think I might try to do that he 180 00:08:35,149 --> 00:08:33,390 was selected as an astronaut in 1998 and 181 00:08:36,790 --> 00:08:35,159 worked in many areas of the 182 00:08:39,949 --> 00:08:36,800 International Space Station program 183 00:08:42,829 --> 00:08:39,959 including a stint in star city as NASA's 184 00:08:44,689 --> 00:08:42,839 Director of Operations Russia Wheelock 185 00:08:47,300 --> 00:08:44,699 made three spacewalks on his first 186 00:08:48,770 --> 00:08:47,310 flight the 2007 shuttle mission that 187 00:08:51,740 --> 00:08:48,780 delivered the Harmony 188 00:08:55,060 --> 00:08:51,750 and repair damaged solar arrays on the 189 00:08:57,350 --> 00:08:55,070 International Space Station's p6 truss 190 00:09:00,110 --> 00:08:57,360 Fyodor yurchikhin was born in the 191 00:09:02,210 --> 00:09:00,120 Georgian city of batumi one day before 192 00:09:05,210 --> 00:09:02,220 the first spaceship that ever escaped 193 00:09:07,460 --> 00:09:05,220 Earth's gravity flew past the moon he 194 00:09:09,980 --> 00:09:07,470 was 2 years old when Yuri Gagarin space 195 00:09:12,200 --> 00:09:09,990 flight changed the world and on his very 196 00:09:13,880 --> 00:09:12,210 first day in school he had a ready 197 00:09:16,580 --> 00:09:13,890 answer when the teacher asked the 198 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:16,590 children what they wanted to be like 199 00:09:23,810 --> 00:09:20,970 everybody in my class asked I want it to 200 00:09:26,480 --> 00:09:23,820 be ho keeper in Soviet command he told 201 00:09:29,060 --> 00:09:26,490 me it's not profession I ask you about 202 00:09:32,960 --> 00:09:29,070 profession about profession I wanted to 203 00:09:35,840 --> 00:09:32,970 be a cosmonaut like everybody he really 204 00:09:38,390 --> 00:09:35,850 did and he started by choosing to attend 205 00:09:41,150 --> 00:09:38,400 a local school named for the designer of 206 00:09:43,070 --> 00:09:41,160 the early Soviet space vehicles by the 207 00:09:45,380 --> 00:09:43,080 time he finished high school yurchikhin 208 00:09:47,660 --> 00:09:45,390 had decided to study engineering rather 209 00:09:49,580 --> 00:09:47,670 than become a pilot reasoning that a 210 00:09:51,110 --> 00:09:49,590 pilot who developed health problems 211 00:09:53,810 --> 00:09:51,120 would be out of the space program 212 00:09:56,960 --> 00:09:53,820 altogether but an engineer wouldn't as 213 00:09:59,030 --> 00:09:56,970 for which college to attend when I 214 00:10:01,460 --> 00:09:59,040 checked the data for all civilian 215 00:10:04,040 --> 00:10:01,470 cosmonauts most of civilian cosmonauts 216 00:10:11,270 --> 00:10:04,050 radiated most affiliation Institute of 217 00:10:13,250 --> 00:10:11,280 course more chance to go he graduated 218 00:10:15,710 --> 00:10:13,260 the Moscow Aviation Institute as a 219 00:10:18,050 --> 00:10:15,720 mechanical engineer specializing in 220 00:10:19,640 --> 00:10:18,060 aerospace vehicles and immediately 221 00:10:22,460 --> 00:10:19,650 started work at the rocket space 222 00:10:24,850 --> 00:10:22,470 corporation Energia first as a flight 223 00:10:27,500 --> 00:10:24,860 controller and then as an engineer 224 00:10:31,130 --> 00:10:27,510 eventually becoming a lead engineer for 225 00:10:33,170 --> 00:10:31,140 the MIR shuttle program in 1997 he was 226 00:10:35,690 --> 00:10:33,180 selected for an ERG ia's cosmonaut Corps 227 00:10:38,510 --> 00:10:35,700 and while training for spaceflight he 228 00:10:40,480 --> 00:10:38,520 also finished a PhD in economics at 229 00:10:43,490 --> 00:10:40,490 Moscow service State University 230 00:10:45,710 --> 00:10:43,500 yurchikhin spent 11 days in space on the 231 00:10:47,930 --> 00:10:45,720 2002 shuttle mission that delivered the 232 00:10:50,780 --> 00:10:47,940 s-1 trust to the International Space 233 00:10:53,960 --> 00:10:50,790 Station and he returned in 2007 as 234 00:10:55,850 --> 00:10:53,970 commander of expedition 15 completing 235 00:10:58,310 --> 00:10:55,860 three spacewalks during that six-month 236 00:11:00,650 --> 00:10:58,320 mission and pursuing his interest in 237 00:11:02,180 --> 00:11:00,660 studying Earth from orbit it's 238 00:11:05,990 --> 00:11:02,190 ecological program 239 00:11:08,900 --> 00:11:06,000 geophysical program it's understood the 240 00:11:13,100 --> 00:11:08,910 all problems for example about a 241 00:11:16,309 --> 00:11:13,110 rainforest fire a big city in how the 242 00:11:23,090 --> 00:11:16,319 big city killed the nature you may see 243 00:11:25,579 --> 00:11:23,100 about from Space Station to Shannon 244 00:11:28,610 --> 00:11:25,589 Walker is the first native of Houston to 245 00:11:30,860 --> 00:11:28,620 fly in space she was born one day after 246 00:11:33,050 --> 00:11:30,870 Edie White became the first American to 247 00:11:35,389 --> 00:11:33,060 walk in space during the first space 248 00:11:38,329 --> 00:11:35,399 flight ever run by Mission Control in 249 00:11:40,610 --> 00:11:38,339 Houston growing up in the town that came 250 00:11:43,189 --> 00:11:40,620 to be known as space city had an impact 251 00:11:45,230 --> 00:11:43,199 on her I was quite young when we first 252 00:11:48,170 --> 00:11:45,240 walked on the moon I was had just turned 253 00:11:51,019 --> 00:11:48,180 four but we did watch it on TV and I 254 00:11:52,460 --> 00:11:51,029 think that just set the seed right then 255 00:11:54,350 --> 00:11:52,470 that that would be a really interesting 256 00:11:56,869 --> 00:11:54,360 thing to do and then growing up in 257 00:11:58,100 --> 00:11:56,879 Houston and always having the astronauts 258 00:12:00,800 --> 00:11:58,110 in the Johnson Space Center in my 259 00:12:04,100 --> 00:12:00,810 backyard I was always aware of the space 260 00:12:06,650 --> 00:12:04,110 program and so I just decided to pursue 261 00:12:08,900 --> 00:12:06,660 it walkers stayed in Houston for college 262 00:12:11,240 --> 00:12:08,910 earning a Bachelor of Arts in physics 263 00:12:13,519 --> 00:12:11,250 from Rice University and got her first 264 00:12:15,280 --> 00:12:13,529 job out of school as a robotics flight 265 00:12:17,629 --> 00:12:15,290 controller at the Johnson Space Center 266 00:12:19,759 --> 00:12:17,639 she took a leave of absence to get her 267 00:12:22,240 --> 00:12:19,769 master's and doctorate in space physics 268 00:12:24,740 --> 00:12:22,250 at Rice and then had to make a decision 269 00:12:26,240 --> 00:12:24,750 so I wanted to be part of the human 270 00:12:28,670 --> 00:12:26,250 spaceflight program or do I want to be 271 00:12:30,139 --> 00:12:28,680 part of the unmanned spaceflight program 272 00:12:32,090 --> 00:12:30,149 and I decided I really enjoy the human 273 00:12:34,189 --> 00:12:32,100 spaceflight program so I was able to 274 00:12:35,749 --> 00:12:34,199 come back to the Johnson Space Center 275 00:12:38,240 --> 00:12:35,759 and continue my work as a flight 276 00:12:41,360 --> 00:12:38,250 controller she joined the International 277 00:12:43,639 --> 00:12:41,370 Space Station program in 1995 to work on 278 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:43,649 robotics integration and move to the 279 00:12:48,350 --> 00:12:46,050 engineering side three years later to 280 00:12:50,990 --> 00:12:48,360 manage teams coordinating an orbit 281 00:12:52,699 --> 00:12:51,000 problem resolution she spent a year in 282 00:12:55,249 --> 00:12:52,709 Moscow working with the Russian space 283 00:12:57,590 --> 00:12:55,259 agency and its contractors on avionics 284 00:12:59,210 --> 00:12:57,600 integration and returned to Houston to 285 00:13:01,160 --> 00:12:59,220 become the technical lead for the 286 00:13:03,470 --> 00:13:01,170 station's mission evaluation room 287 00:13:06,889 --> 00:13:03,480 Walker was selected for the astronaut 288 00:13:10,220 --> 00:13:06,899 corps in 2004 to help prepare humans to 289 00:13:12,199 --> 00:13:10,230 someday live off of planet Earth how do 290 00:13:13,670 --> 00:13:12,209 you have a life support system that can 291 00:13:15,139 --> 00:13:13,680 work for long periods of time and 292 00:13:15,530 --> 00:13:15,149 provide you with the water and the 293 00:13:18,499 --> 00:13:15,540 atmosphere 294 00:13:20,269 --> 00:13:18,509 that you need how do you grow plants in 295 00:13:23,210 --> 00:13:20,279 space obviously we can't keep calling 296 00:13:24,860 --> 00:13:23,220 back to earth for the next pizza 297 00:13:27,410 --> 00:13:24,870 delivery so we've got to figure out how 298 00:13:29,509 --> 00:13:27,420 to be self-sufficient off the planet and